Vaccines for Cancer Prevention
Vaccinations designed solely to prevent cancer (Prophylactic cancer vaccines). These vaccines prevent infections with specific viruses that are known to cause cancer in later life.
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine:
What is HPV?
- HPV is a group of over 100 viruses.
- Certain high-risk types (especially HPV 16 & 18) are responsible for over 70% of cervical cancers.
· Cancers of the anus, vulva, vagina, penis, and oropharynx (the area of the throat and tonsils) are also brought on by HPV.
How the HPV Vaccine Works?
- It contains virus-like particles (VLPs) that mimic the outer shell of HPV but contain no genetic material—so they cannot cause infection.
- These VLPs stimulate a strong immune response and provide long-term protection.
Types of HPV Vaccine
|
Vaccine Name |
HPV Types Covered |
Manufacturer |
Cancer Prevention |
|
Gardasil-4 |
HPV 6, 11, 16, 18 |
Merck |
Cervical, vaginal, vulvar, anal, genital warts |
|
Gardasil-9 |
HPV 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, 58 |
Merck |
Broader protection from additional cancer-causing HPV types |
|
Cervarix |
HPV 16, 18 |
GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) |
Cervical cancer (only) |
Hepatitis B Vaccine:
What is HBV?
- Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major risk factor for liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma).
- Chronic HBV infection leads to liver cirrhosis and cancer.
How the HBV Vaccine Works:
- Contains recombinant HBsAg (Hepatitis B surface antigen).
- Stimulates the immune system to produce anti-HBs antibodies, giving long-term protection.
Common HBV Vaccines:
|
Brand Name |
Form |
Type |
|
Engerix-B |
Monovalent |
Adult/children |
|
Recombivax HB |
Monovalent |
Adult/children |
|
Hexaxim, Pentavac |
Combination vaccines (includes HBV + DTP + Hib + IPV) |
For infants |
